World demand for dyes and natural pigments to the touch $10.6 billion in 2008
In accordance with a examine on dyes & natural pigments, the worldwide demand for natural colourants (dyes and natural pigments) is projected to extend at $10.6 billion in 2008 kind 4.9 per cent yearly in 2003.
Typically, the dyestuff business includes three sub-segments, specifically dyes, pigment and intermediates. The dye intermediates are petroleum downstream merchandise that are additional processed into completed dyes and pigments. These are essential sources in main industries like textiles, plastics, paints, paper and printing inks, leather-based, packaging sector and many others.
Main gamers in dyes
Textile dyes have been used because the Bronze Age. Additionally they represent a prototype Twenty first-century specialty chemical substances market. Three giant producers specifically DyStar, Ciba Specialty Chemical substances and Clariant are leaders within the dyes market. The most important, DyStar, was established in a collection of mergers of a few of Europe’s main textile dye companies within the Nineties. Worldwide extra capability and worth burden, fueled by the speedy progress of Asian producers, have shifted most dyestuff chemistries into commodities. Regulatory limitations have almost stopped the progress of the opening of essentially new dyestuffs. Regardless of this DyStar, Ciba Specialty Chemical substances and Clariant have grown over the previous 10 years with revolutionary merchandise and new chemistry is being set to endure reactive and dispersant dyes in addition to in older dyestuffs akin to sulfur dyes.
In 2001 the largest particular person firm market shares in colourant manufacturing had been DyStar (23%), Ciba (14%), Clariant (7%), Yorkshire Group (5%), Japanese (5%) and different conventional teams (3%)., and varied dyestuff producers comprise the biggest group at 43%.
The one technique to progress and to maintain Asian bulk dyestuff producers at bay, they are saying, comes straight out of specialty chemical substances technique to differentiate product choices via collaborative work with prospects and cost a premium worth for explicit merchandise that offers an ideal resolution. That is an efficient technique, offered that these suppliers produce in China, India, Pakistan, and Brazil in addition to within the U.S. and Europe, and that a lot of the textile producers purpose to keep up uniform high quality and product efficiency throughout worldwide.
Europe is going through the issue of overcapacity of about 30 to 40 per cent available in the market from Asia, particularly China. However, consultants consider, Asian producers manufacture a restricted variety of low-cost, fundamental dyestuffs. Most of consultants of this discipline consider that progress lies in innovation and differentiation. Although, of the 180,000-ton-per-year worldwide marketplace for dispersed dyes, specialty dyes consist solely about 5,000 tons.
DyStar is a significant producer of reactive dyes, which had been developed 50 years in the past at ICI. DyStar was just lately bought by Platinum Fairness, is made up of the dyes enterprise of the unique ICI, in addition to these of Bayer, BASF and Hoechst. DyStar has developed deep-shade dyes for polyesters. New chemistries are rising for controlling staining from azo and anthraquinone dyes, together with thiophene-based azo dyes. DyStar has additionally developed benzodifuranone dyes for heavy purple shades. It modified azo dyes to maintain up their efficiency when utilized with the brand new detergents. The corporate additionally arrange secrecy agreements with the main detergent producers to check new detergent chemistry and do the required dye reformulation proactively. It has added the variety of reactive teams in its fluoroaromatic Levafix CA reactive dyes. The corporate has additionally been performing on strengthening the chromophore or shade element of the dye for improved lightfastness.
Not too long ago, DyStar has made new purple dye for cellulosic fibers, Indanthren Deep Crimson C-FR Plus, is a brand new speciality dye for medium to heavy shades of purple and Bordeaux, appropriate for the coloration of cellulosics on steady and yarn dyeing models in addition to cellulosic/polyamide blends. DyStar Textilfarben GmbH has additionally launched the traditional chilly pad batch dyeing course of (cpb). Key developments in chilly pad batch know-how had been began in 1957 and are nonetheless ongoing:
-Growth of dosing pumps (Hoechst)
– Introduction of sodium silicate as a fixing alkali (Hoechst)
– Growth of microwave and oven lab fixation technique (Hoechst)
– Mathematical dedication of pad liquor stability underneath sensible situations (Hoechst) —
Optidye CR (DyStar)
– Growth of silicate free alkali programs (DyStar)
The dyestuffs business of China
Within the first half of 2005, China gained a progress of 4 per cent in dyes and 11 per cent in natural pigment output. A report acknowledged that China’s demand for dyes and pigments is predicted to extend at 12 per cent yearly by 2008 and output of dyes and pigments will rise by 13 per cent yearly by 2008.
In accordance with statistics, in 2004, the manufacturing quantity of dyeing stuffs and pigments in China reached 598,300 tons and 143,600 tons, an increment of 10.4 per cent and 13.3 per cent over that of the earlier yr. The whole imports and exports of dyeing stuffs and pigments had been projected to be 291,200 tons and 138,800 tons; a rise of 10.64 per cent and 16.15 per cent over the identical time the earlier yr. Therefore, China has developed to be a big producer, shopper and supplier of dyeing supplies, pigments and dyeing auxiliary.
China turns into high importer for Bangladesh
Throughout July-September 2005 Bangladesh imported dyes and chemical (mixed) value 3.73 billion taka ($57.5 million) from China towards 2.53 billion taka ($38.9 million) from India.
DyStar expands China facility
Not too long ago DyStar has introduced to speculate round USD 55 million in a brand new textile dyes facility at Nanjing to increase its manufacturing base in China and step up its concentrate on this key progress market. Located about 300 kilometres north-west of Shanghai, Nanjing is the capital of Jiangsu Province, a key space for textile manufacturing. It will likely be DyStar’s third manufacturing unit in China, alongside Wuxi, the place the manufacturing capability was tripled final yr, and Qingdao. This new manufacturing web site will enhance their progress in China. On the similar time it should strengthen their worldwide competitiveness and enhance market management. This funding is a transparent signal that DyStar is constant to spend money on its core enterprise and can stay a dependable accomplice for the textile business in the long run.
On the new manufacturing complicated in Nanjing, DyStar will produce dyes for cellulosic and artificial fibres. In-built flexibility will allow the manufacture of different dyes and extension of the infrastructure in keeping with necessities. Which means DyStar will be capable to reply shortly to the rising demand in China. The inauguration of the primary plant is scheduled within the first half of 2006.
Indian dyestuff business
In India the dyestuff business provides its majority of the manufacturing to the textile business. Enormous of quantities exports of dyes and pigments from India are additionally carried out to the textile business in Europe, South East Asia and Taiwan.
At present, the Indian dyestuff business is totally self-dependable for producing the merchandise domestically. India presently manufactures every kind of artificial dyestuffs and intermediates and has its sturdy holds within the pure dyestuff market. India has come up as a world provider of dyestuffs and dye intermediates, primarily for reactive, acid, vat and direct dyes. India has a share of roughly 6 per cent of the world manufacturing in dyestuff merchandise.
Construction of dyestuff business in India
The Indian dyestuff business has been in existence since about 40 years, although a couple of MNCs established dyestuff models within the pre independence period. Like the opposite chemical business, the dyestuff business can be broadly scattered. The business is functioning by the co-existence of some producers within the organised sector (round 50 models) and a lot of small producers (round 1,000 models) within the unorganised sector.
The spreading of those models is slanted in the direction of the western area (Maharashtra and Gujarat) accounting to 90 per cent. Actually, about 80 per cent of the whole capability is within the state of Gujarat, the place there are about 750 models.
There was an enormous growth within the dyestuff business over the last decade. This has occurred because of the Authorities’s concessions (excise and tax concessions) to small-scale models and export alternatives generated by the closure of a number of models in nations just like the USA and Europe (because of the implementation of strict air pollution management norms). The obligation concessions offered to small-scale producers had given within the giant ones turning into uncompetitive to some extent. Value competitors was sturdy within the decrease segments of the market. Liberalisation of the financial system and large-scale discount of duties have given the decrement of margins for smaller producers. Closing of many small-scale models in Gujarat on account of environmental causes has additionally helped the organised sector gamers to develop additional.
Over 600 sorts of dyes and natural pigments are actually being produced in India (each by the organised and the unorganised sector). However the per-capita consumption of dyestuffs is lower than the world common. Dyes are soluble and mainly utilized textile merchandise. Pigments, however, are insoluble and are principal sources of merchandise akin to paints.
Through the previous few years, the dyestuff business was overwhelmed by a collection of quick altering upshots within the worldwide platform. The biggest marketplace for dyestuffs has been the textile business. The maintain of polyester and cotton within the world markets has positively created the demand for some sorts of dyestuffs. Moreover, the demand for polyamides, acrylics, cellulose and wool has been near stagnant. Discrepancy within the regional progress charges of textile merchandise too influences demand. The Asian area has seen the very best growth in textile manufacturing, adopted by North America, Latin America and Western Europe. This reveals the change within the world textile business in the direction of Asia. Subsequently, Asia presents dyestuff manufacturing each when it comes to volumes and worth, with a couple of 42 per cent share of the worldwide manufacturing; the US is subsequent with 24 per cent and Europe has round 22 per cent. As a consequence of a large use of polyester and cotton-based materials, there was a change in the direction of reactive dyes, utilized in cotton-based materials, and disperses dyes utilized in polyester. These two dyes have been main in all of the three regional world market, notably Asia. Furthermore, the change in textile utility sample and regional developments is the quantity of over capability within the world dyestuff business.
Inside India, the main producers within the pigments business are Color Chem and Sudarshan Chemical substances whereas within the dyestuff business the most important gamers when it comes to market share are Atul, Clariant India, Dystar, Ciba Specialities and IDI. The Indian corporations collectively account for almost 6 per cent of the world manufacturing.
Nearly 80 per cent of the dyestuffs are commodities. Since not a lot know-how is used, copying of merchandise can be simple as in comparison with specialties. Although within the latest previous, there have been efforts by world producers, with some achievement, to shift to the specialty finish of the product profile. Vat dyes have all the time carried out as specialty merchandise, with know-how working as an important operate. Now corporations are specializing in the upper finish of the reactive dyes section. The inclination is now altering from supplying mere merchandise to color package deal options. Extra significance is given to innovation, manufacturing vary, high quality and environmental pleasant merchandise. Producers are collaborating with gear producers to supply built-in options somewhat than merchandise.
Fiscal insurance policies and modification within the utility sample of the worldwide dyestuff business have revolutionized the market shares of Indian corporations. Excise concessions for the small-scale sector within the mid and the late Eighties generated many models in Maharashtra and Gujarat. At one level of time, there have been within the unorganised sector almost 1,000 models, with most of them located in Gujarat and Maharashtra.
Although, because the early Nineties, there was seen an ongoing decrement within the excise obligation charges relevant to the organised sector. From 25 per cent in 1993-94, the excise obligation charges had been decreased to twenty per cent in 1994-95, and 18 per cent in 1997-98 and additional decreased these charges to 16 per cent.
This persevering with decrement within the obligation charges smoothened the aggressive fringe of the unorganised sector. The organised sector, with excessive product vary, know-how and advertising attain was succesful to lift its market share. However extra noteworthy adjustments have gained via the German ban on many dyestuffs, enforced to the native air pollution management legal guidelines. Whereas the organised sector has been succesful to regulating the manufacturing of dyes based mostly on the 20 banned amines by the German laws, many within the unorganised sector had been moved out. This was amalgam by the native air pollution legal guidelines, which want to determine the effluent remedy crops, and drive out corporations within the unorganised sector.
The capability and manufacturing of dyes and dye stuff was 54,000 MT and 26,000 MT respectively within the yr 2003-04. The capability and manufacturing of dyes and dye stuff was 54,000 MT and 26,000 MT correspondingly within the yr 2003-04. The small scale models provide main share in dyestuff manufacturing whereas giant models focus producing dyestuff intermediates.
Disperse and Reactive dyes signify the best product segments within the nation protecting about 45 per cent of dyestuff consumption. Within the coming time, each these segments will lead the dyestuff market with disperse dyes probably to have the best contribution adopted by reactive dyes. These two segments will maintain a biggest share to be able to lead textile and artificial fibers in dyestuff consumption. Vat section can be projected to show wholesome progress in future.
Exports and Import of Dyestuffs
Within the yr 2004-2005 the exports of dyestuff business has touched 1109 million US greenback. Exports of dyestuffs within the yr 2000-01 reached to about Rs. 2365 crores and accounted to about 5 per cent of the whole world commerce of dyestuffs. The principle markets for Indian dyestuffs are the European Union, U.S.A., Indonesia, Hong Kong, South Korea and Egypt. The next desk supplies information export and import of dyestuff throughout previous couple of years.
Know-how
The know-how for dyestuff manufacturing adjustments largely from comparatively easy (direct azo) to classy (disperse and vat) dyes. Even if know-how is domestically out there, most of it’s out dated. The setback is additional compounded by the truth that the character of the method differs from batch to batch and, therefore, managing the method parameters turns into complicated.
The dyestuff business is likely one of the largely polluting industries and this has result in them closing down internationally or altering the models to the rising economies. Majority of the worldwide producers have shifted the know-how to growing nations like China, India, Indonesia, Korea, Taiwan and Thailand. This shift of producing capacities is as a result of the business is meant to work as a high-cost and low return one. The batch processing additionally formulates it to a labour- intensive business. Therefore, the competitiveness of growing economies will get a boosts.
Although, prior to now decade the Indian business has made appreciable growth when it comes to know-how and manufacturing.
Restructuring
Restructuring of the Indian dyestuff business which began a few years in the past remains to be in progress. The motion was initiated by the market chief Color-Chem Ltd. It has additionally come right into a toll manufacturing settlement with Dystar India Ltd. There have been different preparations, which might give bettering capability utilisation at manufacturing amenities and likewise to have higher publicity of export markets.
Ciba India and IDI have signed a deal to market polyester and cellulose dyes. IDI has additionally began work with Ciba for the manufacturing and advertising of dyes and pigments. Atul merchandise has acquired the acquisition of Zeneca’s 50 per cent stake in Atic Industries Ltd and began work with BAS, Germany to market 50 per cent of its manufacturing of vat dyes.